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2021年10月高等教育自学考试
高级英语
(课程代码00600)
I.Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions.Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the orresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. （15 points,1 point for each）
1.The curtains in the living room ______ well with the color of the carpet.
A.mix B.blend C.mingle D.combine
2.She complained to the company about its awful service and received an official ______ days later.
A.excuse B.claim C.apology D.amendment
3.Instead of formulas and charts,Professor Smith uses games and drawings to ______ the subject being discussed.
A.illuminate B.disseminate C.germinate D.eliminate
4.The eagle hovered,ready to ______ at any moment to snateh the young rabbit.
A.drift B.swirl C.float D.swoop
5.The arrival of my friends on Saturday ______ new life into my weekend.
A.infused B.packed C.poured D.filled
6.“Super Mario Christmas Adventure"is a marvelous game for ______ children on long journeys.
A.huddling B.counseling C.diverting D.tackling
7.After so many years,their handwritten signatures on the contract are still ______.
A.edible B.legible C.workable D.suitable
8.Sitting quietly and ______ for about half an hour every evening is a great way to relax.
A.imitating B.cogitating C.mitigating D.meditating
9.It is true that social networking can ______ our life,but it should not be our whole life.
A.compliment B.complement C.augment D.implement
10.Vitamin Complex Tablets should not be used as a(n) ______ for a healthy diet.
A.substitute B.exchange C.standard D.amplifier
11、If you ______ a knob on a radio in Britain,you may hear more voices of ench or French or German than English.
A.play B.whirl C.twiddle D.switch
12.Researchers show there is a clear warming trend of about 0.5 degrees centigrade from 1900 which they ______ the greenhouse effect.
A.contribute to B.attribute to C.subscribe to D.apply to
13.Honeybees use one of the most ______ communication systems of any insect.
A.authoritarian B.fashionable
C.sophisticated D.progressive
14.Swings moved gently ______ in the breeze,as if rocked by some unseen hand.
A.sooner or later B.back and forth
C.more or less D.thick and thin
15.When the sales staff finished with their presentations,the manager asked some ______ questions on the project.
A.pertinent B.prevalent C.permanent D.predominant
Read the following passage earefully and complete the succeeding three items II,III,IV.
(1)When Linda Spangler asked her mother,in a video chat,what she would like as gift for her 92nd birthday,the response came promptly.“I'd like a dog,"Charlene Spangler said.“Is Wolfgang dead?”Wolfgang,a family dachshund,had indeed died long ago;so had all his successors.Ms.Spangler,who lives in a dementia(痴呆症)care facility in California,has trouble recalling such history.
Her daughter,a doctor,considered the request.Before visitors were barred from the residence because of the Covid-19 pandemic,Dr.Spangler had seen her mother every other day,often taking her to Lake Merritt in her wheelchair to see the ducks and to pat passing dogs.
(2)In her facility,Charlene Spangler had eaten meals with several other residents,joined art classes and listened to visiting musicians.Now activities and communal meals have vanished.Aside from one quick visit in the lobby,she has not seen her daughter in person in six months;they communicate through 15-minute video calls when staff members can arrange them.“She's more isolated in her room now,"Dr.Spangler said.“And she misses having a dog."Knowing that her mother couldn't manage pet care,even if the residence had permitted animals,Dr.Spangler looked online for the robotic pets she had heard about.She found a fluffy puppy with sensors that allow it to pant,woof,wag its tail,nap and awaken;a user can feel a simulated heartbeat.Unable to deliver the robot personally,she asked a staff member to take it inside.In a subsequent video chat,Dr.Spangler learned that her mother had named the robot dog Dumbo.Such devices first appeared in American nursing homes and residences for seniors several years ago.A Japanese company began distributing an animatronic baby seal called PARO(a term meaning“personal robot”)in 2009.
(3)But the isolation caused by the coronavirus,not only in facilities but also among seniors living alone in their homes,has intensified interest in these products and increased sales,company executives.said.It has also led to more public money being used to purchase them.Long before the pandemic,loneliness and social disconnection were acknowledged public health problems for older people,linked to measurably poorer mental and physical health.Now,their risk for serious illness from the coronavirus has denied many seniors the stimulation and comfort of personal visits,cultural events,volunteering,even grocery shopping.Isolation particularly threatens people with dementia,who are less able to embrace online diversions and communication.“Covid has created a bizarre world where nobody can hug anybody,"said Laurie Orlov，a veteran industry analyst.“The idea of a pet you can hold transcends that somewhat."
(4)In part because of its $6,120 price tag,PARO has primarily been adopted by institutions:hospitals,nursing homes,assisted living facilities.Because the Food and Drug Administration classifies the robot as a biofeedback device,Medicare will cover its purchase and use by therapists.Since the pandemic,“we're seeing a lot of interest,"said Tom Turner,general manager of PARO Robots,which sells about 50 robot seals annually but expects a big increase as insurance coverage broadens.Researchers have reported benefits from interacting with PARO,although the studies were often small and short-term.
At facilities in Texas,for instance,investigators followed 61 residents with dementia who had 20-minute group sessions with PARO three days a week for three months.Their stress and anxiety decreased,and they needed less medication for pain and problem behaviors.
(5)All the seniors suffered from loneliness,according to a screening questionnaire At 30 and 60 days,“there was improvement in their mental well-being,in sense of purpose and optimism,"said Dr.Yeh,a chief medical officer.The study also found“a reduction in loneliness,"Dr.Yeh said,although the questionnaires showed that participants remained lonely.Armed with such findings,Ageless Innovation has been offering discounted robots to state agencies working with seniors.New York State ordered and distributed 1,100 pets after a pilot study found that participants reported less isolation and loneliness.
(6)The idea of a robot,however fuzzy,as an antidote to loneliness produces both enthusiasm and revulsion.“These animals are helping people,"said Ms.Preve,a fan.But Sherry Turkle,a psychologist who has long studied how older people use technology,objected."The promise is that it becomes a companion and you have a relationship with it,”she said of a robotic animal.“As though there's mutuality.There's not mutuality.It's a bunch of bits and bytes."Ms.Maurer, who has long been involved with elder care,dislikes the notion of deceiving people who have dementia and may think robots are actual pets.“There's an element of ethical dishonesty about it,"she said.Both she and Dr.Turkle pointed out that the enthusiasm for robots spotlighted the many failings in the way our society cares for older people.
(7)Moreover,how seniors will react is unpredictable.Emily White,a social work consultant,watched in amazement as her 96-year-old mother,who had dementia and depression and had largely stopped eating,warmed up to a Joy for All cat-and promptly asked for a piece of cake.But Timothy Livengood,a scientist,said his 80-year-old mother,who has dementia and lives in a facility,largely ignored a robotic cat.“She never really attached to it,"he said."It didn't have a personality."
Ⅱ.In this section,there are ten incomplete statements or questions,followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.(20 points,2 points for each)
16.It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that Wolfgang is the name of ______ .
A.a toy B.a child C.a pet D.a wild animal
17.Which of the following is true about the life of Charlene Spangler in her facility since the Covid-19 pandemic hit the community?
A.She was visited by her daughter only once.
B.She was invited to parties from time to time.
C.She often met her family members in person.
D.She had dinner with other residents every day.
18.Dr.Spangler didn't buy a real pet for her mother because ______.
A.it was too expensive for her
B.it was not allowed in the facility
C.her mother didn''t like a real dog
D.her mother couldn't tend a real pet
19.Why did isolation caused by the coronavirus affect people with dementia more seriously?
A. Because they were more vulnerable to the coronavirus.
B.Because they were more disconnected with their families.
C.Because it was harder for them to use advanced technologies.
D.Because it was harder for them to get access to public services.
20.In Paragraph 3,the word“bizarre" means ______.
A.familiar B.strange C.mystic D.natural
21.According to Paragraph 4,what can be inferred about the eause of robotic pets being primarily purchased by institutions?
A.They could be reused and recycled.
B.They were effective in curing dementia.
C.The price was much lower than before.
D.The expenditure was covered by insurance.
22.According to Paragraph 5,which of the following statements is true?
A.Robotic pets were more effective than real pets in helping the participants.
B.The participants suffered from loneliness despite of having robotic pets.
C.The participants felt more pessimistic after having robotic pets.
D.Robotic pets eliminated the loneliness of the participants.
23.In Paragraph 6,the word “antidote” means ______.
A.remedy B.cuisine C.painkiller D.placebo
24.What does Ms.Maurer think of using robotic pets to accompany people with dementia?
A.It compensates for the failings in elder care.
B.It helps develop a mutual relationship.
C.It is a solution to reducing loneliness.
D.It is a practice of deception.
25.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The suffering of senior citizens in Covid-19
B.The development of robotic pets in the future.
C.The effect of robotic pets in treating dementia.
D.The ways to take care of older people in facilities.
第二部分 非选择题
III.Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet.(10 points,2 points for each)
26.Dr.Spangler had seen her mother every other day,often taking her to Lake Merritt in her wheelchair to see the ducks and to pat passing dogs.
27.Such devices first appeared in American nursing homes and residences for seniors several years ago.
28.Researchers have reported benefits from interacting with PARO,although the studies were often small and short-term.
29.New York State ordered and distributed 1,100 pets after a pilot study found that participants reported less isolation and loneliness.
30.But Timothy Livengood,a scientist,said his 80-year-old mother,who has dementia and lives in a facility,largely ignored a robotic cat.
IV.Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words.Write your answer on your Answer Sheet.(10 points)
31.What can be done to help seniors with dementia to live a better life?
V.The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks,followed by a list of words or expressions marked Y.Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.One word or expression for each blank only.(25 points,1 point for each)
Between Elvis and Alice,rock critics say,a number of rock stars have helped our society ___32___ its beliefs and attitudes.Bob Dylan touched a ___33___ of disaffection.He spoke of ___34___ rights,nuclear fall-out,and loneliness.He spoke of change and of the bewilderment ___35___ an older generation.
“Something's happening here,"he sang.“You don't know what it is,do you,Mr. Jones?”Others entered the debate.The Beatles,Horowitz said, ___36___ peace and piety,with humor and maybe a little help from drugs.
It was at three the next afternoon (alarm clock time)that an officer entered the cell:the first officer they had seen ___37___ weeks—and this one was very young,with ___38___ even in the shape of his mustache which he had shaved too much on the left side.He was as embarrassed as a schoolboy ___39___ his first entry on a stage at a prize-giving,and he spoke ___40___ so as to give the impression of a strength he
did not ___41___.
For minutes at a time this kind of thing would be running ___42___ my head:“He pushed the door open and entered the room.A yellow ___43___ of sunlight,filtering through the muslin curtains, ___44___ on to the table,where a matchbox,half open,lay beside the inkpot.With his right hand in his pocket he moved ___45___ to the window.Down in the street a tortoiseshell cat was ___46___ a dead leaf,”etc.,etc.This habit continued till I was about twenty-five,right through my non-literary years.
Newspapers have two great advantages ___47___ television.They can be used by men as ___48___ against their wives.It is still the only ___49___ screen against the morning features of the loved one,and,as ___50___, performs a unique human service.The second advantage is that you can't line a garbage pail with a television set-it's ___51___ the other way around.
Companies pursuing product leadership continually push products into the realm of the unknown,the ___52___, or the highly desirable.Reaching that goal requires that they challenge themselves in three ways.First,they must be creative.More than anything else,being creative means ___53___ and embracing ideas that may originate ___54___ —inside the company or out.Second,they must ___55___ their ideas quickly.Third and most important,they must ___56___ pursue ways to leapfrog their own latest product or service.
A.define B.such
C.slanted D.abruptly
E.commercialize F.over
G.nerve H.usually
I.beam J.possess
K.for L.barriers
M.civil N.untried
O.through P.chasing
Q.inexperience R.effective
S.of T.recognizing
U.relentlessly V.across
W.making X.anywhere Y.urged
VI.Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet.(20 points,2 points each for 57-60,4 points for 61,8 points for 62)
57.生命中几乎任何有意思、值得做的事情都需要一些富有建设性、持续性的努力。
58.我觉得从一开始我的文学志向就与一种被人孤立、低估的感觉混杂在一起。
59.能够明智地利用闲暇时间是文明的最终产物，而目前很少人达到了这一层次。
60.她环顾屋内，审视着这么多年来每周都要擦拭一遍的熟悉物品，心想，究竞哪里来的这么多灰尘。
61.当时我猜想，现在认识到，暴乱也许是北方黑人采取的最有影响的大规模行动。它是黑人区历史的分水岭。在暴乱之前，美国黑人运动似乎只局限于狭小的民权运动领导范围。
62.远处的运河边还有一个独自垂钓的人，但阿瑟知道他们可以相安无事，甚至不会相互打招呼。没人打扰你：你是猎人、梦想家，是自己的老板，在任何一个不下雨的日子里，你都可以有几个小时的时间远离一切。如军队里那位下士所说，坐在马桶上想到的事情真是太美妙了。在垂钓的宁静中想起的事情比在马桶上想起的更美妙。
2021年10月高等教育自学考试答案
高级英语
(课程代码00600)
I. Choose the right one to complete the sentence. （15 points, 1 point for each）
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8. D 9.B 10. A 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A
II. Choose the best answer.（20 points, 2 points for each）
16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B 21. D 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.C
III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（10 points, 2 points for each）
26. Dr. Spangler 每隔一天去看望她的母亲，经常推着她坐着轮椅去 Merritt 湖边看看鸭子，逗逗路过的小狗。
27. 这样的设备起初是几年前在美国的一些养老院和老年公寓出现的。
28. 已有研究人员报告了与 PARO 互动的诸多益处，尽管这些研究大多规模较小，且持续时间较短。
29. 在一项试验性研究发现参与者的隔离感和孤独感有所减轻之后，纽约州订购并分发了 1100 只宠物。
30. 但一位科学家 Timothy Livengood 提到，他的母亲 80 岁了，患有痴呆症，目前就住在一家养老机构，她对电子猫几乎无感。
【评分说明】（1）译文准确，句子连贯，无重大理解错误，不扣分。
（2）虽然译文与答案不完全相符，但能够正确表达原意，不扣分。
（3）译文不准确，内容不连贯，出现一个重大理解错误，该小题扣 1 分。
（4）关键内容上的漏译，每出现一个，该小题扣 1 分；关键词汇的漏译，每出现两个，该小题扣 1 分；但不出现负分。
IV. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words.（10 points）
31. 【评分说明】（1）内容占 6 分，语言占 4 分。
（2）答案结构合理，语言准确，条理清晰，得 4 分。
（3）每出现两处重大语法错误扣 1 分，但是扣分不得超过 2 分。
（4）结构不完整，条理不清，扣 2 分。
（5）少于 60 词扣 2 分。
（6）完全照抄原文，虽涉及所需全部内容，最多给 3 分。
V. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences.（25 points, 1 point for each）
32. A 33. G 34. M 35. S 36. Y 37. K 38. Q 39. W 40. D 41. J 42. O
43. I 44. C 45. V 46. P 47. F 48. L 49. R 50. B 51. H 52. N 53. T
54. X 55. E 56. U
VI. Translate the following sentences into English.（20 points, 2 points each for 57-60, 4 points for 61, 8 points for 62）
57. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort.
58. I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued.
59. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level.
60. She looked around the room, reviewing all its familiar objects which she had dusted once a week for so many years, wondering where on earth all the dust came from.
61. I suspected at the time and now realize that the riots were perhaps the most significant massive action taken by Northern Negroes. It was a watershed in the ghetto’s history. Before the riots, the reach of the Negro movement in America seemed within the province of a small civil rights leadership.
62. Another solitary man was fishing further along the canal, but Arthur knew that they would leave each other in peace, would not even call out greetings. No one bothered you: you were a hunter, a dreamer, your own boss, away from it all for a few hours on any day that the weather did not throw down its rains. Like the corporal in the army who said it was marvelous the things you thought about as you sat on the lavatory. Even better than that, it was marvelous the things that came to you in the tranquility of fishing.
【评分说明】（1）译文准确，句子连贯，无重大语法错误，不扣分。
（2）虽然译文与答案不完全相符，但能够正确表达原意，不扣分。
（3）译文不准确，内容不连贯，出现一个重大错误，该小题扣 1 分。
（4）拼写错误每出现 5 个扣 1 分，不重复扣分，不得出现负分。
（5）第 61 题共 4 分。
（6）第 62 题共 8 分。